{"id":2527,"date":"2018-10-17T16:11:40","date_gmt":"2018-10-17T14:11:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/?p=2527"},"modified":"2018-11-09T11:44:07","modified_gmt":"2018-11-09T10:44:07","slug":"decryptage-quen-est-il-vraiment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/2018\/10\/17\/decryptage-quen-est-il-vraiment\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;en est-il vraiment ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime; background_image=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/OmbreTop.png\u00a0\u00bb custom_css_main_element=\u00a0\u00bbwidth:100%;||background-color: transparent !important;||height:20vh;||position:fixed;||top:0;||z-index:11;||left:0;||\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime;][et_pb_row custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb60px||-100px|\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime;][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime;][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_post_title author=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb categories=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb comments=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb featured_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.2&Prime; title_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb34px\u00a0\u00bb meta_font=\u00a0\u00bb||||||||\u00a0\u00bb meta_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb13px\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h5><strong><em>\u00ab\u00a0Les pauvres co\u00fbtent un pognon de dingue\u00a0\u00bb, qu\u2019en est-il vraiment\u00a0?<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Une croyance bien ancr\u00e9e veut que <span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\">les pauvres co\u00fbtent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment d\u2019argent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat, si bien que l\u2019aide sociale pr\u00e9cipiterait la faillite de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<br \/>\n<\/span>Entre fantasme et r\u00e9alit\u00e9, <span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\">o\u00f9 situer le curseur sur ce que co\u00fbte r\u00e9ellement l\u2019aide sociale au pays\u00a0?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u2019il est une population fragile et montr\u00e9e du doigt, c\u2019est bien celle des ch\u00f4meurs. Ils sont souvent per\u00e7us comme responsables de leur situation et stigmatis\u00e9s comme \u00e9tant un poids \u00e0 la charge des actifs. Pourtant,<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e;\"> l<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\"><strong>e co\u00fbt des indemnit\u00e9s du ch\u00f4mage est loin d\u2019\u00eatre la plus grosse d\u00e9pense de l\u2019\u00c9tat<\/strong><\/span>, environ 8 milliards d\u2019euros par an. <strong>Le financement des pensions repr\u00e9sente un co\u00fbt bien plus lourd \u00e0 porter avec 42 milliards d\u2019euros pr\u00e9lev\u00e9s chaque ann\u00e9e, soit environ 10% de la richesse nationale.<\/strong><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Img-Article_AFF2.png\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h5><strong><em>Universalit\u00e9 et syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9partition\u00a0: les fondations de la S\u00e9cu<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #e2e63e;\"><strong>Cette stigmatisation des b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires de l\u2019aide sociale peut faire sourciller quand on sait comment a \u00e9t\u00e9 pens\u00e9e la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sociale d\u2019apr\u00e8s-guerre.<\/strong><\/span> Elle est r\u00e9gie par un principe, celui de <strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\">l\u2019universalit\u00e9<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0et s\u2019appuie sur un syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9partition des revenus professionnels.<br \/>\nC\u2019est \u00e0 dire que les actifs financent les inactifs et que tous les individus ont droit aux m\u00eames prestations sociales\u00a0: assurance maladie, allocations familiales, assurance ch\u00f4mage et pension.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h5><strong><em>Une d\u00e9mographie changeante <\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Mais le syst\u00e8me d\u2019aide sociale conna\u00eet de profonds d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres dus en partie \u00e0 un probl\u00e8me d\u00e9mographique\u00a0: <span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\">la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration du baby-boom a vieilli et les a\u00een\u00e9s jouissent d\u2019une esp\u00e9rance de vie de plus en plus longue.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nCe qui a pour cons\u00e9quence de modifier la pyramide des \u00e2ges qui s\u2019est transform\u00e9e en cylindre. Les cons\u00e9quences sur le mod\u00e8le de protection sociale sont sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent\u00a0: la balance entre la part des actifs et des inactifs pourrait ne plus \u00eatre assur\u00e9e. De plus, <span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\"><strong>les pauvres qui b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de l\u2019aide sociale ne sont pas que les ch\u00f4meurs.<\/strong><\/span> En effet, <span style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #e2e63e;\"><strong>pr\u00e8s de 40% des retrait\u00e9s vivent en dessous du seuil de pauvret\u00e9<\/strong> <\/span>et 10% d\u2019entre eux disposent de revenus inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 1000 euros par mois.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e; color: #000000;\">Le d\u00e9fi est donc de repenser et d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019aide sociale pour lutter contre ce d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre<\/span><\/strong>, tout en pr\u00e9servant l\u2019\u00e9quilibre financier de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h5><strong><em>Repenser la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sociale<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #e2e63e;\"><strong>Bruno Colmant<\/strong><\/span> (Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Acad\u00e9mie Royale de Belgique) <span style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #e2e63e;\"><strong>sugg\u00e8re d\u2019inclure tous les types de revenus dans le financement de l\u2019aide sociale et pas uniquement les revenus du travail<\/strong><\/span>, comme c\u2019est actuellement le cas.<\/p>\n<p>En appliquant \u00e0 tous ces revenus un syst\u00e8me de taxation par tranches progressives, <span style=\"color: #000000; background-color: #e2e63e;\"><strong>la fiscalit\u00e9 serait plus juste<\/strong> <\/span>et l\u2019\u00c9tat disposerait d\u2019un socle de ressources plus large pour financer l\u2019aide sociale.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, l\u2019universalit\u00e9 de l\u2019aide sociale montre des situations disparates\u00a0: pour certaines personnes fortement pr\u00e9caris\u00e9es, les prestations sociales sont vitales et s\u2019av\u00e8rent parfois insuffisantes alors que pour des foyers plus ais\u00e9s ces aides peuvent \u00eatre de l\u2019ordre du superflu.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_2&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.17.1&Prime;]&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ce constat am\u00e8ne Bruno Colmant \u00e0 voir la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale comme devant <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e;\">b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier en priorit\u00e9 aux personnes les plus d\u00e9munies<\/span><\/strong><\/span>. \u00c0 titre d\u2019exemple, en mati\u00e8re de pensions, ceux qui ont cotis\u00e9 le moins doivent pouvoir jouir d\u2019une pension suffisante pour vivre d\u00e9cemment alors que ceux qui disposent de revenus plus confortables peuvent \u00eatre incit\u00e9s \u00e0 capitaliser leur \u00e9pargne tout au long de leur vie active.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e;\">Pour devenir durablement p\u00e9renne et ne pas s\u2019effondrer, le syst\u00e8me d\u2019aide sociale se doit d\u2019\u00e9voluer vers une solidarit\u00e9 des plus riches au profit des plus pauvres.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>En d\u00e9finitive, <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"background-color: #e2e63e;\">l\u2019\u00c9tat dispose de ressources suffisantes pour assurer l\u2019aide sociale.<\/span><\/strong><\/span> Il doit n\u00e9anmoins prendre des mesures structurelles pour faire \u00e9voluer le syst\u00e8me qui financera l\u2019aide sociale \u00e0 long terme en \u00e9vitant la banqueroute et l\u2019augmentation des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_post_nav in_same_term=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime; title_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb16px\u00a0\u00bb global_module=\u00a0\u00bb1543&Prime; saved_tabs=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_nav][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.48&Prime; background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; disabled_on=\u00a0\u00bbon|on|on\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime; background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#000000&Prime; custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px|0px|0|0px|false|false\u00a0\u00bb disabled=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb global_module=\u00a0\u00bb1346&Prime;][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.14&Prime; module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4&Prime; _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.0.47&Prime; parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax_method=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Footer-Web-Sense-LF-1-1.png\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbLOGOS SENSE et FORUM\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.15&Prime; max_width=\u00a0\u00bb60%\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Footer-Web-Partners-1-1.png\u00a0\u00bb align=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbLOGOS FINANCEURS\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.15&Prime; max_width=\u00a0\u00bb80%\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbUn projet du Forum Bruxelles contre les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s et de Sense Production\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.15&Prime; text_font=\u00a0\u00bbText-SourceSansPro||||||||\u00a0\u00bb text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb14px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.5em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Un projet du Forum Bruxelles contre les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s et de Sense Production<\/strong><br \/><strong>Produit par Sense Production<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Projet men\u00e9 en partenariat avec la Coop\u00e9rative CERA &#8211;\u00a0Avec le soutien de la Commission communautaire commune de la R\u00e9gion de Bruxelles-Capitale &#8211;\u00a0Avec le soutien de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Wallonie-Bruxelles &#8211;\u00a0Avec le soutien de 4Wings Foundation &#8211;\u00a0Avec l&rsquo;aide du Fonds international Wernaers pour la recherche et la diffusion des connaissances &#8211;\u00a0Avec le soutien de la Commission communautaire fran\u00e7aise<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0Les pauvres co\u00fbtent un pognon de dingue\u00a0\u00bb, qu\u2019en est-il vraiment\u00a0? Une croyance bien ancr\u00e9e veut que les pauvres co\u00fbtent \u00e9norm\u00e9ment d\u2019argent \u00e0 l\u2019\u00c9tat, si bien que l\u2019aide sociale pr\u00e9cipiterait la faillite de l\u2019\u00c9tat. Entre fantasme et r\u00e9alit\u00e9, o\u00f9 situer le curseur sur ce que co\u00fbte r\u00e9ellement l\u2019aide sociale au pays\u00a0? S\u2019il est une population fragile [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,126,7,10,13,24],"tags":[27,28,62,33],"class_list":["post-2527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-consommation","category-decryptage-9","category-decryptage","category-emploi","category-home-2","category-securite-sociale-sante","tag-allocations-familiales","tag-chomage","tag-histoire","tag-securite-sociale"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2527"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2989,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2527\/revisions\/2989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pauvrophobie.be\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}